GoodFace

bath and body products

2006-08-10T20:30:00.000-07:00

I am a keen internet surfer and I love Talking Scents bath and body products. Their bath bombs not on smell great but they have a fantastic range of competitively priced essential oils.

Karting UK

2006-07-27T05:55:00.000-07:00

Formula Nuts is a grass roots Karting Competition which will provide enthusiasts with an opportunity to be a Motor Racing driver at Silverstone. The winner will race with team nuts at the BTCC. Team Nuts and Virgin have a team for the last 5 races of the BTCCwith Dave Pinkney. KartingQualifying heats will be in the following areas: Karting Edinburgh, Karting Newcastle, Karting Manchester, Karting Liverpool, Karting Birmingham, Karting Bristol, Karting Cardiff and Karting London.

UK Karting Championship

2006-07-20T08:25:00.000-07:00

Formula Nuts brought to you by Drive Sport will be putting together a UK Karting event where the winner will get to race at Silverstone. Karting time trials will be held at the following locations; Karting London, Karting Manchester, Karting Liverpool, Karting Birmingham, Karting Nottingham, Karting Leeds, Karting Newcastle, Karting Sunderland, Karting Bristol, Karting Cardiff, Karting Devon, Karting Midlands, Karting Edinburgh,Karting Glasgowand Karting in Wales

Penna, Sandro

2006-01-26T13:45:00.000-08:00

In 1925 Penna graduated from the Technical Institute of Perugia. After working as a clerk in a Milan bookstore, he moved to Rome

Marietta

2005-11-17T16:40:00.000-08:00

During the

Ubayyid, Al-

2005-07-26T16:00:00.000-07:00

Also spelled el-Obeid town, central Sudan. It lies on a sandy, scrub-covered plateau at an elevation of 1,869 feet (570 m). Founded by the Egyptians in 1821, the town was captured and largely destroyed by the Mahdist forces in 1882, but it was rebuilt after Kurdufan was federated with the Anglo-Egyptian Sudan in 1899. Al-Ubayyid is encircled by a forest reserve that tends to alleviate dust storms. Located on a spur of the

Dielectric Constant

2005-07-24T04:55:00.000-07:00

Property of an electrical insulating material (a dielectric) equal to the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor filled with the given material to the capacitance of an identical capacitor in a vacuum without the dielectric material. The insertion of a dielectric between the plates of, say, a parallel-plate capacitor always increases its capacitance, or ability

Thomson, Sir J.j.

2005-07-07T06:15:00.000-07:00

In full Sir Joseph John Thomson English physicist who helped revolutionize the knowledge of atomic structure by his discovery of the electron (1897). He received the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1906 and was knighted in 1908.

Roosevelt, Franklin D., Declining health and death

2005-07-05T11:50:00.000-07:00

Roosevelt had been suffering from advanced arteriosclerosis for more than a year before the Yalta Conference. His political opponents had tried to make much of his obviously declining health during the campaign of 1944, when he ran for a fourth term against Governor Thomas E. Dewey of New York. But Roosevelt campaigned actively and won the election by a popular vote of 25 million to 22 million and an electoral college vote of 432 to 99. (See primary source document: Fourth Inaugural Address.) By the time of his return from Yalta, however, he was so weak that for the first time in his presidency he spoke to Congress while sitting down. Early in April 1945 he traveled to his cottage in Warm Springs, Georgia—the “Little White House”—to rest. On the afternoon of April 12, while sitting for a portrait, he suffered a massive cerebral hemorrhage, and he died a few hours later. With him at his death were two cousins, Laura Delano and Margaret Suckley, and Lucy Mercer Rutherfurd (by then a widow), with whom he had renewed his relationship a few years before.

Ayala, Francisco

2005-07-05T11:45:00.000-07:00

Ayala received a law degree from the University of Madrid in 1929, having already published the novel Tragicomedia de un hombre sin espíritu (1925; “Tragicomedy of a Man Without Spirit”) and the story Cazador en el alba (1930; “Hunter at Dawn”). These works are psychological studies that make a strong use of metaphor but display little

Quinidine

2005-06-28T00:10:00.000-07:00

Drug used in the treatment of abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmia) and malaria. Obtained from the bark of the Cinchona tree, quinidine shares many of the pharmacological actions of quinine; i.e., both have antimalarial and fever-reducing activity. The main use of quinidine, however, involves its activity as a myocardial depressant—that is, it depresses the excitability

Brunei, Flag Of

2005-06-16T23:55:00.000-07:00

Although a few countries have half of their national flag in yellow, Brunei alone has a yellow background. The avoidance of yellow in other flags may in part be due to the association of the colour with royalty, as in the former imperial flags of Austria and Russia, and with disease (yellow flags are internationally recognized as symbols of quarantine). Among the smaller

Koriyama

2005-06-13T18:40:00.000-07:00

City, Fukushima Prefecture (ken), Honshu, Japan, located at the junction of the Tohoku Line and the Ban-etsu Line (railways), north-northeast of Tokyo. It developed as an industrial and communications centre, producing textiles, chemicals, and machinery. Power is generated with coal from the nearby Joban coalfield and by hydroelectric plants on the Nippashi-gawa (Nippashi

Silicic Acid

2005-06-02T13:50:00.000-07:00

A compound of silicon, oxygen, and hydrogen, regarded as the parent substance from which is derived a large family—the silicates—of minerals, salts, and esters. The acid itself, having the formula Si(OH)4, can be prepared only as an unstable solution in water; its molecules readily condense with one another to form water and polymeric chains, rings, sheets, or three-dimensional

Condon, Edward U(hler)

2005-05-31T08:45:00.000-07:00

During World War II Condon made valuable contributions to the development of both atomic energy and radar. In 1943 he helped J. Robert Oppenheimer recruit the group that made the

Sète

2005-05-16T23:45:00.000-07:00

Formerly (until 1827) Cette, town and a principal French Mediterranean commercial port, lying in Hérault département, Languedoc-Roussillon région, southern France, southwest of Montpellier. It occupies the lower slopes and foot of the isolated Mont Saint-Clair, which lies on a tongue of land between the Mediterranean and the large marshy Thau Lagoon. A network of canals links the town with

Gundobad

2005-05-14T21:25:00.000-07:00

The nephew of the barbarian emperor-maker Ricimer, Gundobad briefly held the supreme military command in the Roman service. In 473 he emulated his uncle when he himself placed a puppet, Glycerius, on the throne of Ravenna, but the subsequent deposition of Glycerius by Julius

Vihari

2005-03-15T19:42:00.000-08:00

I used to be into fun things, hence my nickname of old "GoodFace". Now I'm a boring twit but please don't go.. stay here and work on my blog. Say what you feel and send much love and kisses to your mothers and papa's around the world. You can even say hello to my uncle Winkworth who lives in London Selling houses. He's a nice chap. Sometimes short of things to say but with little humour, he bungles on.

He used to be into market research working at a company called Lightspeed. they were based in San Francisco but moved to London in the late 90's.

After that he emigrated up North to Leeds. this is a really grim place and you have to live like a CragRat.... you might of guessed what that rymes with... well have you?

Stahl, Georg Ernst

2005-03-14T17:38:00.000-08:00

German physician and chemist who developed the phlogiston theory of combustion and of such related biological processes as respiration, fermentation, and decay. The theory dominated chemical thought for almost a century. He also, at times, believed in alchemy and animism.

Yellow-green Algae

2005-03-12T10:46:00.000-08:00

Members of the division Xanthophyta (about 6,000 species), once classified with the green algae on the basis of similarity of body organization. The Xanthophyta are distinguished by their food reserve (oil), the quantity of b-carotene in their plastids, and motile bodies with unequal flagella. Frequently their cell walls are two overlapping halves. The

Gad Al-haq Ali Gad Al-haq

2005-03-07T07:44:00.000-08:00

Egyptian religious leader who, as grand sheikh of al-Azhar, the Muslim world's highest religious body, issued rulings based on strict Islamic orthodoxy, including support for female circumcision and harsh punishment for those breaking the fast during Ramadan (b. April 5, 1917--d. March 15, 1996).

Chardin, Jean

2005-03-06T21:33:00.000-08:00

In August 1671 he again set out for Persia. Traveling through

San Clemente

2005-03-05T22:10:00.000-08:00

City, Orange county, southern California, U.S. It lies along the Pacific Ocean, midway between San Diego and Los Angeles. Founded in 1925 as a real-estate development, the site was named for offshore San Clemente Island, which was named by the Spanish explorer Sebasti�n Vizca�no to honour St. Clement. Chiefly residential, the city gained national prominence in 1969 when President

Epimenides

2005-03-04T09:31:00.000-08:00

Cretan seer, reputed author of religious and poetical writings. He conducted purificatory rites at Athens about 500 BC according to Plato (about 600 according to Aristotle). All surviving fragments, including a line quoted by St. Paul (Titus 1:12), are attributable to other sources. Stories of his advanced age (157 or 299 years), his miraculous sleep of 57 years, and his wanderings outside

Gateshead

2005-03-03T15:36:00.000-08:00

Town and metropolitan borough, metropolitan county of Tyne and Wear, historic county of Durham, England. It was initially a small settlement that developed at the southern end of a medieval bridge, opposite the fortress (later city) of Newcastle upon Tyne; at that time it was under the jurisdiction of the bishop of Durham. During the Industrial Revolution, locally mined

Philistine

2005-03-02T05:42:00.000-08:00

One of a people of Aegean origin who settled on the southern coast of Palestine in the 12th century BC, about the time of the arrival of the Israelites. According to biblical tradition (Deuteronomy 2:23; Jeremiah 47:4), the Philistines came from Caphtor (possibly Crete). They are mentioned in Egyptian records as prst, one of the Sea Peoples that invaded Egypt in about 1190 BC after ravaging

Anhwei, Relief

2005-03-01T07:55:00.000-08:00

The northern portion of Anhwei Province is occupied by the North China Plain - an immense level surface that has periodically been flooded by its dominant rivers. The southern section of the province, the Yangtze Valley, is separated from the northern plain by a series of mountains that stretch roughly from west to east. The Ta-pieh Mountains - an extension of the

Lille

2005-02-28T16:13:00.000-08:00

Lille (often written L'�le [�the island�] until the 18th century) began as a village between arms of the De�le River. Count Baldwin IV of Flanders fortified it in the 11th century. The medieval

Pacific Ocean, Western region

2005-02-27T00:00:00.000-08:00

The seaward boundary of the western region is marked by a broken line of oceanic trenches, extending from the Aleutian Trench in the north through the Kuril and Japan trenches and southward to the Tonga and Kermadec trenches, terminating close to the northeast of North Island, New Zealand. Its structure is more complex than that of the eastern region. Characteristically

Peter Ii

2005-02-25T23:52:00.000-08:00

The son of Alexander I, who was assassinated during a visit to France on Oct. 9, 1934, Peter became titular king at 11, but the actual rule was in the hands of a regent, his uncle Prince Paul. After Paul was deposed by a coup of officers led by Gen. Du

Kiswah

2005-02-24T11:31:00.000-08:00

Black brocade cloth that covers the most sacred shrine of Islam, the Ka'bah (q.v.) in Mecca. A new kiswah is made in Egypt every year and carried to Mecca by pilgrims. On it is embroidered in gold the Muslim profession of faith (shahadah) and a gold band of ornamental calligraphy carrying Qur'anic verses. Each year during the major pilgrimage (hajj), the kiswah is replaced with a white

World War I, The war at sea, 1914 - 15

2005-02-23T17:06:00.000-08:00

In August 1914 Great Britain, with 29 capital ships ready and 13 under construction, and Germany, with 18 and nine, were the two great rival sea powers. Neither of them at first wanted a direct confrontation: the British were chiefly concerned with the protection of their trade routes; the Germans hoped that mines and submarine attacks would gradually destroy Great Britain's numerical

Hindustan

2005-02-22T23:11:00.000-08:00

Also spelled �Hindusthan� (Persian: �Land of the Hindus�), historically, northern India, in contrast to the Deccan, or southern India. This area can be defined more particularly as the basin of the five Punjab rivers and the upper Gangetic Plain. As a mostly fertile and well-populated corridor situated between walls of mountain, desert, and sea, Hindustan has been regarded as the principal seat of Indian

Argonne National Laboratory

2005-02-21T09:55:00.000-08:00

Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy in Argonne, Ill., that is operated by the University of Chicago and the Argonne Universities Association. It was founded in 1946 to conduct basic atomic research and to develop the peaceful uses of nuclear energy. Argonne National Laboratory now carries out research on a broad range of science and engineering topics, including

Anthony, William Arnold

2005-02-20T22:25:00.000-08:00

After studying at Brown (Providence, R.I.) and Yale universities, Anthony taught physics and chemistry at Antioch College, Yellow Springs, Ohio (1867 - 69); Iowa State Agricultural College, Ames (1869 - 72); Cornell University, Ithaca, N.Y. (1872 - 87); and Cooper Union, New York City (1894 - 1908). While

Restaurant

2005-02-19T00:33:00.000-08:00

The first restaurant proprietor is believed to have been one A. Boulanger, a soup vendor, who opened his

Madhubuti, Haki R.

2005-02-18T16:34:00.000-08:00

Lee attended several colleges in Chicago and graduate school at the University of Iowa (M.F.A., 1984); he also served in the U.S. Army (1960 - 63). He taught at various colleges and universities, in 1984 becoming a faculty member at Chicago State University. His poetry, which began to appear in the 1960s, was written in black dialect

Francesco Di Giorgio

2005-02-17T15:27:00.000-08:00

Remarkably versatile, a kind of Renaissance homo universale, Francesco combined the bold investigation of the humanist scholars with the conservative lyricism of the Sienese school. His early works were manuscript illuminations, furniture

Zonguldak

2005-02-16T15:29:00.000-08:00

City, capital of Zonguldak il (province), northwestern Turkey, on the Black Sea coast. The well-equipped port is the main outlet for coal extracted from the basin between Zonguldak and Eregli. The city's development and rapid rise in population were associated with the growth of this coal industry after the mid-19th century. Mining was extensively developed by the government

Baseball

2005-02-15T16:32:00.000-08:00

The Braves led baseball with a

Alabama, Relief

2005-02-14T08:55:00.000-08:00

The southern extremities of the Appalachians cover almost

Abbas, Ferhat

2005-02-13T04:24:00.000-08:00

Son of a Muslim official in the Algerian civil service, Abbas received an entirely French education at Philippeville (now Skikda) and Constantine and at the University

Sundiata

2005-02-12T19:43:00.000-08:00

Sundiata was a Mandingo from the small kingdom of Kangaba, near the present Mali - Guinea border. Little is known about his early life. Mandingo oral traditions

Anouk Aim�

2005-02-11T00:40:00.000-08:00

The daughter of an actor and actress, Anouk Aim�e made her first film appearance at the age of 14 in La Maison sous la mer (1946; �The House on the Sea�). After making an impression as a Juliet figure in the 1948 film Les Amants de V�rone (The Lovers of Verona), a role written especially for

Hassan Ii

2005-02-10T20:02:00.000-08:00

Hassan, after taking a law degree at Bordeaux, France, was appointed commander of the Royal Armed Forces (1955) and deputy premier (1960) and succeeded to the throne on the death of his father, Muhammad V (1961). As

Media And Publishing, Amateur Radio.

2005-02-09T02:09:00.000-08:00

In 1998 the amateur radio (ham) community in the U.S. was grappling with the most sweeping restructuring of amateur radio licensing since 1989. In July the American Radio Relay League proposed reducing the number of classes of licenses from six to four and streamlining the examinations needed to obtain the licenses. Instead of six license classes, there would be four: technician,

Ellensburg

2005-02-08T02:39:00.000-08:00

City, seat (1883) of Kittitas county, central Washington, U.S., on the Yakima River, 28 miles (45 km) north of Yakima. The first white man settled there in 1867, and three years later the valley's first trading post, called Robbers Roost, was opened. The community bore that name until 1875, when John Shoudy platted a town site and named it for his wife, Ellen. The building of the Northern Pacific Railway

Zuiderzee

2005-02-07T18:08:00.000-08:00

English �Southern Sea� former inlet of the North Sea. From the 13th to the 20th century, the Zuiderzee penetrated The Netherlands and occupied some 2,000 square miles (5,000 square km); it was separated from the North Sea by an arc of former sandflats that are now the West Frisian Islands. From about AD 400 these low-lying sandflats were inhabited by the Frisians, who in the face of rising sea levels built the first

Fourier, (jean-baptiste-)joseph, Baron

2005-02-06T14:11:00.000-08:00

French mathematician, known also as an Egyptologist and administrator, who exerted strong influence on mathematical physics through his Th�orie analytique de la chaleur (1822; The Analytical Theory of Heat). He showed how the conduction of heat in solid bodies may be analyzed in terms of infinite mathematical series now called by his name,

Arpad

2005-02-05T22:38:00.000-08:00

Coming under Assyrian influence in the 9th century BC, Arpad regained its independence in 754, and it successfully sided with Sardur II of Urartu until the Assyrian king Tiglath-pileser III defeated both Urartu and Arpad. Tiglath-pileser made Arpad the capital

Hwange National Park

2005-02-04T16:20:00.000-08:00

Formerly �Wankie National Park, � park in northwestern Zimbabwe, on the Botswana frontier. It was established in 1928 as a game reserve, and as a national park in 1930. The park's area of 5,657 square miles (14,651 square km) is largely flat and contains fine hardwood forests of mukwa and Zimbabwean teak. Hwange is one of Africa's largest elephant sanctuaries and is also the habitat of thousands of Cape buffalo as well as giraffes,

Adams, Gerry

2005-02-03T18:35:00.000-08:00

Born into a strongly Republican

Powell, Lewis Franklin, Jr.

2005-02-02T11:10:00.000-08:00

American lawyer and judge (b. Sept. 19, 1907, Suffolk, Va.--d. Aug. 25, 1998, Richmond, Va.), served as an associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court for 15 years, during which he often provided a centrist viewpoint in an otherwise polarized tribunal. He cast the deciding vote on a number of landmark cases, most notably Regents of the University of California v. Bakke (1978), which opposed strict racial quotas

Ardmore

2005-02-01T16:13:00.000-08:00

City, seat (1907) of Carter county, southern Oklahoma, U.S., north of the Red River, near Lake Texoma and the Texas state line. Founded in 1887 in Chickasaw Indian Territory after the arrival of the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, the town was named for the Philadelphia suburb that was the home of a railroad official. Populated by African Americans, Native Americans, and whites

San Fernando

2005-01-31T03:18:00.000-08:00

Capital of Colchagua provincia, O'Higgins regi�n, central Chile, lying on the Rapel River, at 1,112 feet (339 m) above sea level, in a fertile longitudinal valley. Founded in 1742, it became the provincial capital in 1840. San Fernando's rodeos rank among Chile's best, for the city is in the heart of huaso (�cowboy�) country. In addition to livestock, the surrounding region yields wheat, forage crops,

Wells

2005-01-30T07:11:00.000-08:00

City, Mendip district, administrative and historic county of Somerset, England, at the foot of the Mendip Hills. The name derives from the many springs rising near the cathedral, which was begun in the 12th century and dominates the city. In general, Wells has been little affected by modern industry and growth. It remains a modest service centre, its Market Place and shopping

Aldiss, Brian W.

2005-01-29T22:14:00.000-08:00

Aldiss served with the British Army (1943 - 47) and then was a bookseller until 1956. His first novel, The Brightfount Diaries (1955), was followed by the science fiction novel Non-Stop in 1958. Aldiss went on to write more than 40 science fiction novels

Swamp

2005-01-28T21:51:00.000-08:00

Wetland ecosystem characterized by mineral soils with poor drainage and by plant life dominated by trees. The latter characteristic distinguishes a swamp from a marsh, in which plant life consists largely of grasses. Swamps are found throughout the world. They exist in areas with poor drainage and sufficient water supply to keep the ground waterlogged, and they

Nicaragua, Lake

2005-01-27T16:33:00.000-08:00

Spanish �Lago De Nicaragua, � the largest of several freshwater lakes in southwestern Nicaragua and the dominant physical feature of the country; it is also the largest lake in Central America. Its aboriginal name was Cocibolca, meaning �sweet sea�; the Spanish called it Mar Dulce; its present name is said to have been derived from that of Nicarao, an Indian chief whose people lived on the lake shores.

Romanus Iii Argyrus

2005-01-26T14:34:00.000-08:00

He was an undistinguished Byzantine patrician, who was compelled by the dying emperor, Constantine VIII, to marry his daughter Zoe and to become his successor. Romanus showed great eagerness to make his mark as a ruler but was mostly unfortunate in his enterprises; and in his endeavour to relieve the pressure of taxation he disorganized

Robert

2005-01-25T20:11:00.000-08:00

Byname �Robert Guiscard, or Robert De Hauteville, �Italian �Roberto Guiscardo, or Roberto D'altavilla� Norman adventurer who settled in Apulia, in southern Italy, about 1047 and became duke of Apulia (1059). He eventually extended Norman rule over Naples, Calabria, and Sicily and laid the foundations of the Kingdom of Sicily.

Camargo Society

2005-01-24T14:54:00.000-08:00

Group credited with keeping ballet alive in England during the early 1930s. Named after Marie Camargo, the noted 18th-century ballerina, the society was formed in 1930 by Philip J.S. Richardson, the editor of Dancing Times, the critic Arnold Haskell, and other patrons to stimulate interest in creating a national ballet. For the next three years the group annually commissioned

Kamakura Period

2005-01-23T23:38:00.000-08:00

In Japanese history, the period from 1192 to 1333 during which the basis of feudalism was firmly established. It was named for the city where Minamoto Yoritomo set up the headquarters of his military government, commonly known as the Kamakura shogunate. After his decisive victory over the rival Taira family at the battle of Dannoura (1185), Yoritomo created his own military administration

Boucicault, Dion

2005-01-22T10:54:00.000-08:00

Educated in England, Boucicault began acting in 1837 and in 1840 submitted his first play to Mme Vestris at Covent Garden; it was rejected. His second play, London Assurance (1841), which foreshadowed the modern social drama, was a huge success and was frequently

Chile, The Chilean Andes

2005-01-21T15:18:00.000-08:00

The formation of the western Andes ranges

Smith, George

2005-01-20T07:18:00.000-08:00

Smith's father, also named George Smith (1789 - 1846), learned bookselling in his native Scotland and, after moving to London, joined with another Scot, Alexander Elder,

Neel, James Van Gundia

2005-01-19T03:36:00.000-08:00

American geneticist (b. March 22, 1915, Hamilton, Ohio - d. Feb. 1, 2000, Ann Arbor, Mich.), was a pioneer in the field of genetics; his studies provided evidence of the genetic basis of numerous diseases, including sickle-cell anemia. In the late 1940s, as acting director of field studies for the National Research Council's Atomic Bomb Casualty Commission, he led studies of the effects of radiation

England, Theatre

2005-01-18T03:50:00.000-08:00

Theatre is probably the performing art for which England is best known. Theatrical performance as such emerged during the Middle Ages in the form of mumming plays, which borrowed elements from wandering entertainers, traditional and ancient folk agricultural rituals, and dances such as the Morris dance (with its set character parts). Under the influence of Christianity,

Jerusalem, Siegfried

2005-01-17T05:21:00.000-08:00

Siegfried Jerusalem's name and voice were both well suited to a Wagnerian heldentenor. Strong, clear, and expressive, with a slight vibrato to give it richness, his voice was, Jerusalem believed, perfect for the role of Siegmund in Die Walk�re. He also was praised for his effortless phrasing and seductive tone. In addition, Jerusalem had the good looks and athletic build

Fordham University

2005-01-16T02:27:00.000-08:00

Private, coeducational institution of higher learning in New York, New York, U.S. It is affiliated with the Jesuit order of the Roman Catholic church. The university consists of the original Rose Hill campus in the north Bronx, the Lincoln Center campus in Manhattan, and the Tarrytown campus, at which only graduate courses are offered, in Westchester county. Fordham

Allen, Walter Ernest

2005-01-15T20:57:00.000-08:00

British novelist, academic, and critic, best known for his 1954 study The English Novel (b. Feb. 23, 1911--d. Feb. 28, 1995).

Schawlow, Arthur L.

2005-01-14T00:33:00.000-08:00

As a child, Schawlow moved with his family to Canada. He attended the University of Toronto, receiving his

Korea, North, Flag Of

2005-01-12T10:15:00.000-08:00

The northern part of Korea saw the establishment of a communist government following Soviet occupation of the country in 1945. The local communist leader, Kim Il-sung, was able to impose his will on the North Koreans during 46 years of rule. Not surprisingly, the flag, developed for his state, is unlike those of both communist and noncommunist countries in Asia. Its red stripe

Rye House Plot

2005-01-11T06:44:00.000-08:00

(1683), alleged Whig conspiracy to assassinate or mount an insurrection against Charles II of England because of his pro-Roman Catholic policies. The plot drew its name from Rye House at Hoddeston, Hertfordshire, near which ran a narrow road where Charles was supposed to be killed as he traveled from a horse meet at Newmarket. By chance, according to the official narrative,

Bonstetten, Karl Viktor Von

2005-01-10T18:40:00.000-08:00

Of a conservative and patrician family, Bonstetten for 12 years had to resist being forced into the traditional career of municipal magistrate. Instead he studied Horace and Jean-Jacques Rousseau, traveled abroad, and cultivated friendships in the liberal intellectual

Ta Hs�

2005-01-09T20:55:00.000-08:00

Ta hs�eh states that world peace is impossible unless a ruler first regulates

Switzerland, World War I and economic crisis

2005-01-08T09:07:00.000-08:00

An alliance of the bourgeois parties (representing propertied interests), including the conservatives and liberals who had clashed in 1847, confronted a labour movement that comprised trade unions and the Social Democratic Party. World War I, in which Switzerland remained neutral, not only caused tensions between the German-speaking Swiss and those speaking French

Amendola, Giovanni

2005-01-06T16:23:00.000-08:00

As a young journalist, Amendola expressed his philosophical and ideological views in articles appearing first in La Voce (�The Voice�) and then in the newspapers Resto di Carlino and Corriere della sera. He urged Italy's entry into World War I in

Malay

2005-01-05T05:30:00.000-08:00

The Malay were once probably a people of coastal

Siliceous Sponge

2005-01-04T00:57:00.000-08:00

Any sponge in which the main skeletal component is silica as opposed to calcium carbonate or fibrous organic materials only. More than 95 percent of all known sponge species have a siliceous skeleton and belong to the class Demospongiae (phylum Porifera). The siliceous skeleton is usually composed of discrete elements known as spicules that vary greatly in size

Bone Cyst

2005-01-03T07:12:00.000-08:00

Circumscribed, benign (noncancerous) lesion, usually saclike and filled with fluid. Unicameral bone cyst affects the long bones or heel bones in children and adolescents and is frequently detected as a result of a pathological fracture. Treatment is by excision and bone graft, but spontaneous healing is common. Aneurysmal bone cyst, usually occurring in young males,

Wolf-ferrari, Ermanno

2005-01-02T15:19:00.000-08:00

The son of a German father and an Italian mother, Wolf-Ferrari studied music in Munich and then returned to Venice, where he became director of the Liceo Benedetto Marcello in 1902. He wrote Italian operas, of which five are based on the comedies of Carlo Goldoni.

Al Bu Sa'id Dynasty

2005-01-01T23:08:00.000-08:00

Ahmad ibn Sa'id, who had been governor of Suhar, Oman, in the 1740s under the Persian Ya'rubids, managed to displace the Ya'rubids by about 1749 and become imam of Oman and of Zanzibar, Pemba, and Kilwa, in East Africa. His successors - known as sayyids, or, later, as sultans - expanded their possessions

Jib

2004-12-31T19:09:00.000-08:00

In sailing ships, triangular sail rigged to a stay extending from the foremast, or foretopmast, to the bowsprit or to a spar, the jibboom, that is an extension of the bowsprit. The jib is first known to have been used on one-masted vessels. Its use began to spread about 1600 and extended to larger war vessels about 1700. Jibs proved handy in helping to steer and were much valued - e.g., on

Tsumi

2004-12-30T18:27:00.000-08:00

In the Shinto religion of Japan, a state of defilement or impurity resulting from the commission of unnatural or criminal acts. Incest, contact with the pollution of blood or death, and agricultural vandalism are prominent examples of tsumi. The term also covered sickness, disaster, and error, all beyond the control of man. Tsumi were thought to hinder the proper growth

Arroyo, Gloria Macapagal

2004-12-29T07:38:00.000-08:00

On Jan. 20, 2001, after angry protesters had driven Philippines Pres. Joseph Estrada from the presidential residence, Malaca�ang Palace, in Manila, the country's vice president, Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, assumed power. The demonstrations had been sparked by the Senate's halting of Estrada's impeachment trial on corruption charges. The armed forces withdrew support from Estrada;

Roman Forum

2004-12-28T00:08:00.000-08:00

Latin �Forum Romanum, � most important forum in ancient Rome, situated on low ground between the Palatine and Capitoline hills. The Roman Forum was the scene of public meetings, lawcourts, and gladiatorial combats in republican times and was lined with shops and open-air markets. Under the empire, when it primarily became a centre for religious and secular spectacles and ceremonies, it

Marsaxlokk

2004-12-27T19:38:00.000-08:00

Also called �Marsa Scirocco, � village, southeastern Malta. It lies along Marsaxlokk Bay, southeast of Valletta. It was the first landing place and anchorage of the Turkish fleet in the Great Siege of Malta in 1565. A fortress (now housing the marine sciences laboratory of the University of Malta) was built there in the early 17th century, and its garrison drove off a later Turkish landing attempt in 1614. There

Silage

2004-12-26T13:15:00.000-08:00

Also called �ensilage� forage plants such as corn (maize), legumes, and grasses that have been chopped and stored in tower silos, pits, or trenches for use as animal feed. Since protein content decreases and fibre content increases as the crop matures, forage, like hay, should be harvested in early maturity. The green material should be chopped fine enough to assure good packing and the exclusion

Tai Languages, Phonological characteristics

2004-12-24T19:15:00.000-08:00

The sound system of the Tai languages may best be described in terms of its syllabic structure. Each syllable consists of an initial consonant or consonant cluster followed by a vowel or vowel cluster (long vowel or diphthong), which may be further followed by a final consonant, usually a nasal sound or an unreleased stop. (An unreleased stop is a consonant in which there

Ashcroft, Dame Peggy

2004-12-23T13:48:00.000-08:00

After graduation from London's Central School of Dramatic Art, Ashcroft made her debut as Margaret in the Birmingham Repertory's production of Dear Brutus (1926). She made her initial London appearance in 1927, but her first important notices were for the role of Naomi in

Alecsandri, Vasile

2004-12-22T07:09:00.000-08:00

His lyrical poems,

Gnetaceae

2004-12-21T13:35:00.000-08:00

A family of tropical gymnosperms in the order Gnetales, composed of one genus, Gnetum, with 30 or more species. Trees predominate among the African species; most of the Asian varieties are woody vines, but among the exceptions is G. gnemon, a tree about 20 metres (65 feet) tall that yields a useful fibre and an edible, plumlike fruit. The conspicuous, netlike veining of the broad leaves

Stafford, Sir Edward William

2004-12-20T05:47:00.000-08:00

The son of a landed Irish family, Stafford began farming sheep in New Zealand (1843), was elected superintendent of Nelson province (1853) and representative from Nelson to the General Assembly (1855), and formed his first ministry in 1856. During this five-year term as premier,

Muhammad Ibn Tughluq

2004-12-19T14:34:00.000-08:00

Second sultan of the Tughluq dynasty (reigned 1325 - 51), who briefly extended the rule of the Delhi sultanate of northern India over most of the subcontinent. As a result of misguided administrative actions and unexampled severity toward his opponents, he eventually lost his authority in the south; at the end of his reign, the sultanate had begun to

Muhammad, Elijah

2004-12-18T05:09:00.000-08:00

The son of sharecroppers and former slaves, Muhammad moved to Detroit in 1923 where, around 1930, he became assistant minister to the founder of the sect, Wallace D. Fard, at Temple No. 1. When Fard disappeared in 1934 Muhammad

Adamson, Joy; And Adamson, George

2004-12-17T04:00:00.000-08:00

Following an education in Vienna and two divorces, Austrian-born Joy Gessner, living in Kenya from 1939, married George Adamson (1944), a British game warden who had

General Security, Committee Of

2004-12-16T15:31:00.000-08:00

French �Comit� De S�ret� G�n�rale, � organ of the French Revolutionary government. It directed the political police and Revolutionary justice. Founded by the National Convention in 1792, the committee administered the Reign of Terror of 1793 - 94, along with the Committee of Public Safety. See also Revolutionary Tribunal.

China, Tibet and Nepal

2004-12-15T21:20:00.000-08:00

Ch'ing control of Tibet reached its height in 1792. But thereafter China became unable to protect Tibet from foreign invasion. When an army from northern India invaded western Tibet in 1841, China could not afford to reinforce the Tibetans, who expelled the enemy on their own. China was a mere bystander during a coup d'�tat in Lhasa in 1844 and could not protect Tibet when it was invaded